上海国际海事信息与文献网

来源：Marine Link 2020-07-24
翻译：国际海事信息网 王雅媛 张运鸿

 

       根据交易员和Refinitiv Eikon数据，自5月以来，美国于7月首次增加欧洲石油供给，以弥补OPEC+成员国的石油减产。

 

       截至7月24日的Refinitiv Eikon数据显示，7月美国对欧洲的原油供应接近3100万桶。随着美国原油价格回升至每桶40美元以上，美国生产商争相抢占市场份额，而石油输出国组织（Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries，OPEC）及其盟国（简称OPEC+)仍在大幅削减供应。

 

       美国对欧洲的石油供应4月份达到3500万桶的峰值，5月份和6月份分别降至2400万桶和2700万桶。由于OPEC+限制了石油供应导致当地油价上涨，欧洲炼油公司选择购买更便宜的美国原油。

 

       美国石油生产商在春季价格暴跌时限制了页岩油井的产量，而如今已提振了产量。交易员表示，由于生产商没有直接关闭油井，因此产量迅速反弹，并正涌入市场。美国能源部数据显示，美国墨西哥湾沿岸（Gulf Coast）原油库存本月已创记录。

 

       西德克萨斯中质油（West Texas Intermediate，WTI）是最受欢迎的出口品级之一，由于海湾地区的原油库存达到创纪录水平，交付到东休斯顿（East Houston）的WTI的溢价有所下降，这对欧洲买家更具吸引力。

 

       交易员表示，俄罗斯乌拉尔（Russian Urals）原油价格下跌是因为美国供应增加。截至7月中旬，7月份货物的溢价已从6月底每桶3美元的创纪录水平降至30至40美分。

 

       三名来自欧洲炼油公司的交易员向路透社（Reuters）表示，交易商将在8月和9月提供交付更多的美国石油。

 

       不过，一些美国出口商表示，他们担心如果冠状病毒病例再次爆发，且燃料库存仍然居高不下，出口欧洲的利润率将会下降。欧洲西北部的汽油精炼利润率本周升至每桶3美元左右。

 

（本文版权归国际海事信息网所有，图片版权归原作者，转载请注明出处。）

 

US Oil Exports to Europe Rebound

 

The United States has increased oil supply to Europe in July for the first month since May, making up for output cuts from OPEC+ members, according to traders and Refinitiv Eikon data.

 

U.S. crude supply to Europe reached nearly 31 million barrels in July, according to Refinitiv Eikon data as of July 24. With crude prices back above $40 a barrel, U.S. producers have rushed to claim market share while the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and allies, known as OPEC+, is still cutting supply drastically.

 

U.S. supply to Europe peaked at 35 million barrels in April before falling to 24 million and 27 million in May and June, respectively. European refiners are buying cheaper U.S. crude rather than local grades that are more expensive due to OPEC+ limiting supply.

 

Oil producers in the U.S. have boosted volumes, after curbing shale well output in the spring when prices collapsed. Producers did not shut wells outright, so output rebounded quickly, and those barrels are flooding the market, traders said. U.S. Gulf Coast crude inventories hit a record this month, U.S. Energy Department data shows.

 

The premium for WTI delivered to East Houston, one of the most popular export grades, is down due to record Gulf stocks, making it more attractive to European buyers.

 

Russian Urals crude prices are down due to rising U.S. supply, traders said. Premiums for July cargoes fell to 30 to 40 cents per barrel by mid-month, down from a record of $3 per barrel in late June.

 

Traders are offering more U.S. oil for delivery in August and September, three traders with European refineries told Reuters.

 

Some U.S. exporters, however, say they are concerned that margins to ship to Europe will sag if coronavirus cases flare up again and as fuel inventories remain elevated. Northwest European gasoline refining margins this week rose to around $3 per barrel.